Typewriting machine



Dec. 13, 1932. E. B. Hr-:ss

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. lo, 192'? 5 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 13, 1932. E. B. HESS i. 1,890,990

' TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. 10. 1927 5 Sheeis-Sheet 2 Il a l l I l l Dec. 13, 1932. E. B. HEss TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. 10. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 13, 1932. E.v B. Hess TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. lO. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Dec. 13, 1932. E B, HESS 1,899,990

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aug. lO, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dec. 13, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE EDWARD B. HESS, OF ORLANDO,

COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YOR An object new and improved ing and similar Application ined August 1o, 192'# of this invent-ion is to type action machines which FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR TO ROYAL TYPEW'RITER K, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK TYPEWRITXNG -MACHINE Jfor typewr provide a will be simple Ilicient in operatantially all of t the operation of the nmercial machine,

and at the same time provide visible Writing.

The type action herea Asists of a plurality of type c mounted in th hang by They are gravity in swung to a position e usual segment an platen by connections froi levers which may Each type carrier h type. free end thcreo lies normally Within a c the type carrier to a position Where by contact Wth neous objects.

After the ty}` tion in front of t stationary this the platen by in be ot any desired fter disclosed conarriers which are in frontof t as carried in t d normally a vertical position.

the usual key or suitable iu a slidable type block which other e carrie type cans o actuated b v the straighten This toggle is connec ber or frame which is operat key levers during the latter movement.

A further object o vision of a type action suc can be substituted' iii a without substantial instrumentalities. tratcd as applied chine in which bodied with but little change i tion of the 'ot machine such as the key platen shift mechanism, escapement meclian certain of have been omitted entirely from sequently and is retracte block i ing of typevvriting maclii modification ot the other The invention is illusto a standard Royal maasing at the end ot d by a spring it will not-be damaged type carriers or extrar has moved to a posi platen wherein it is held s forced against t an impression member a toggl ted tol a universal memed by any of the portion of their t. the invention is the proli as specitied which this ytype action can be emliei instrum ingsI and others have been partially.

the above'men lt. is to be type action can be substituted ard Royal machine vfith al;

tioned instr iz-:in` and the like.

these instrumentalities the drawenta n the construclities of the board, the carriage, ribbon mechanism,

Con-

illustrated only unientalities.

understood that this in the standnost no change in Serial No. 212,025.

can also be applied to other types of machines with but little or no change in their constructions except as regards the type action itself.

Other objects of the invention Will be apparentfrom the following'detailed description and Will be set forth in the appended claims. It may be noted that substantially all of the figures of the drawings are'draivn to scale either natural or onehalf size.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a. tore and aft vertical section through a typenrit'ng machine disclosing one form of the invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the same.

Figure 3 is a perspective vienv of a type action and related parts.

Figure et is a section on the line Lle-1l ot Figure l.

Figure 5 is a top plan vievv of the segment. 70

Figure 6 is a .tore and aft section through the same.

Figure. 'i' is a section through the type carrier head at.- right angles to Figure G.

"U Figure 8 is a rear elevation of the segment 75 Vot a typeivi'itingr machine illustrating a modif'ied form of type action.

Figure 11 is a top plan view with parts in section of the type action shovvn in Figure 10. Figure 12 is a lront view of an adjusting means for the impression member.

Figure lil is a side elevation with parts in section showing the visibility of the Writing and the line of sight to the operator.

Figure 14 shovvs sectional views at right angles to each other of a modified form of type block and impression member. Figure. l5 is a :sectional view with parts 95 in elevation showing a still further modification of type block and impression member.

Figure 1G is a front vievv of the type block and the housing containing the saine.

- toggle and tends to break writing machine constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 18 is a perspective view showing a modified form of type carrier and means for attaching the type block housing thereto.

Figure 19 is a sectional View of one form of link which may be employed between the key levers and the type carrier.

igure 20 is a detail view of a moditication.

As above stated, the invention is illustrated as embodied in the Royal standard machine and there is shown the main frame A, the usual carriage B carrying a platen C, the usual key board with type operating keys D, the glass panels E in the sides of the frame, the depending universal tension adjusting means G, all of which are found in said machine. Since the invention in no substantial Way modifies the form or operation of these instrumentalities it has been deemed unnecessary to illustrate the same in detail.

The front plate 1 of the machine has glass inspection panels H and this plate, together with the sides 2 of the main frame, support top plates 3 which are fastened thereto by screws or in any other desired manner. A segment 4 having grooves 5 to receive the 4*type carriers is carried by the underside oi these top plates. This segment together With the type guide G (when used) may e substantially the same as that noW used in the standard Royal machine but is, of course, positioned in an entirely different manner, In some forms of the invention, the type guide 6 may be omitted as unnecessary. plurality of type arms or carriers 7 are plvoted in the segment 4 on the usual pivot wire These carriers normally hang by gravity in substantially vertical position and rest against a type rest 9 of suitable material.

Pivoted to each type carrier at a point 10 intermediate its ends as best shown in Figures 1 and 3 is one member 11 of a toggle which is pivoted at 12 to the other member 13 of the toggle which in turn is pivoted at'14 to a plate 15 attached at its central portion to the front plate l between the glass panels H and supported at its ends in any suitable or desired manner. The member 11 of the toggle preferably has an extension 16 beyond the pivot point 12 which gradually contacts with the side of the member 13 when the toggle is straightened and thus prevents any overthrow. The movement of the toggle is also limited by the contact of the member 13 with a sound deadening pad 17 of any desired character. A spring 13 is attached to the toggle member 13 and to an ear on the plate 15 in such manner that it very slightly resists the sraightening movement of the the same when the key lever is released.

The key levers 1S are ofthe usual type and bar F, and the spring,

are pivoted on a transverse rod 19 carried by a bridge 20 which extends from one side of the machine to the other. Each key lever is connected to its appropriate type carrier by means of a link 21 having an adjusting means 22 oi the character shown in mv lat- 'ent No. 1,227,438 granted May 22, 191i', and

illustrated in Figure 19. In this construction one member 21a of the link 21 is adjustably connected with a plug screwed into one end of a tube 66 and held in its adjusted position by a nut 67. The other member 211 of the link 21 enters an internally threaded sleeve 68 and is adjustable therein, being held by a nut 69. The sleeve 68 enters the tube (i6 and is formed at its inner end with a head 70. Between this head and the end oit the tube is a compression spring 7l. This connection is not only adjustable but permits a certain cushion period in the movement oi the key lever.

It is to be understood that any of connection may be employed which will permit a further movement of the key lever after the type carrier has been swung to its operative position in front of the platen and the toggle has been straightened. It is also to be noted that the two portions ot the depression of the key lever may bear any desired relation to each other.

The link 21 which is connected to the key lever is connected at its other end to the member 13 of the toggle above described. le spring 23 attached to each key lever and to an ear on the front frame member l tends to return the parts to normal position. The weight of the type carriers themselves `Will also tend to return the parts to their rest position by gravity as soon as the toggle begins to break.

Mounted between the top plate 3 and ris ing above the same is a guide uember 24 having a removable inspection plate 25 in its upper surface. An impression member or block 26 is mounted to slide in the guide 24 and has pivoted thereto one member 27 of a toggle which is pivoted at 28 to the other member 29 of the toggle. This member 29 is pivoted at its end at 30 to a block 31 carried by a rod 32 which is screw threaded into the iront portion of the guide member 24 as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 10. The position of this block 31, and consequently the etfective Working position of the impression member 26, can be varied by turning' a tinger piece 33 on the front end of the rod 32. This finger piece is provided with an indes: 34 which passes over' a scale 35 as shown in Figure 12. This affords a very simple and efficient means for varying the printing impression and permits adjustment for manifolding in a quick and easy manner.

Connected to the toggle just lescribed at the pivot point 28 is a link 3G, the other end of which may be engaged to any one oi.E a

other form force of the -Y 4neaaeao plurality of holes V37iin an arm 38 .of a bell crank member forming part of a universal frame. or member which is pivoted to turnl `at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the arm, and forms a casing 46 having a transverse seat or opening in which is slidably mounted a type block 44. This block may be mounted in the type carrier in various ways. In the construction shown in Figures G and 7 the free end 43 of the type carrier has a slight depression communicating with a passage in which, is inserted and held one end of a spring which tits into a cut-out in the type block 44. This permits ready assembly ot the parts and the removal of the spring whenever it is desired to replace the same. The casing 4G for the type block is attached to the type carrier by welding, soldering, or other desired manner. This casing may be very thin since vit merely affords a guide for the type block and does not have to resist the torce oft the printing blow as does the usual type bar. It is evident that this construction allows the type block to be moved within the casing toward the platen and that the spring 45 will return it to normal position whenever the pressure is removed therefrom. Thus, the block is movable in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm or carrier.

An alternative method of mounting the type blockis shown in Figure 9. In this construction the type block 50 has two forwardly extending arms 51 which are attached to a member 52 and guided' in a web 53 of the type carrier.

A bowed spring 54 is positioned between the web 53 and the member 52 and tends to return the type block to normal position when pressure is removed therefrom.

A further form oi type block and mount.- ing is shown in Figure 14 in' which the end of theimpression member 26 is formed with side portions 72`separated from a central portion 7 3 by spaces slightly wider than the thickness of the walls of the casing 46 in which the typeblock 44 slides. When the impression member is actuated, the part 7 3 engages the type block while the outside walls 7 2 tit outside of the casing 46, th* 1s centering,

and aligning the carrier at the moment of printing. y

A still further modiication is shown in Figure 15 in which the free end of the type carrier has a hollow head '74 provided with a '55 web 75 while the type block is carried by a plurality of pins 7 (l which slide in openings in the web 7 5 and are provided with coiled springs 77 which tend to return theA type block to its normal position. The impression member 26 is provided with two grooves or depressions 78 which are adapted to contact with the rounded or bevelled ends of the pin 7b' and thus-'force the type block to its printing position. @bviously various other forms may be employedor mounting the type block in the free end of the type carrier. In all cases as is clearly shown in the figures and particularly in Figure 16, the face ofthe type will lie normally within the casing so that the type will be protected from damagewhich might be caused by any interference between the type carriers or in any other manner.

The bell crank carried by the universal trame or member above described has an arm 47 which may, if desired, be independent of the arm 38 and connected to the rod 39 to oscillate therewith. This arm is connected by a link 4S to the usual depending universal bar F of the Royal standard machine through which the escapement and ribbon mechanism are actuated. The coil spring 49 surrounds the link 48 and has the usual spring tension adyusting means G connected thereto. In this manner each time a key lever is depressed and the universal frame is rocked, motion is transmitted to the universal bar F andthe escapement, ribbon vibrating and ribbon feeding operation are effected in the usual manner.

It is believed that the above description is suh'icient to show clearly the operation of the type action but it may be briefly described as follows. It a type carrier 7 is in its normal position and the key lever 18 corresponding thereto is operated,'a' pull on thelink 21 will move the toggle constituted by the members 11 and 13 from the dotted line position of Figure 1 to the full line position. This will result in swinging the type carrier 7 to a position in front of the platen, where it is held stationary during the printing movement of the type block. A continued depression of the key lever will operate the universal bar 41 and thereby pull on the link 36, straightening the toggle formed by the members 27 and 29 and forcing the impression member 26 against the type block 44 thereby pressing the same against the platen and producing the desired imprint. The travel ofthe type block can be bodily adjusted forwardly or backwardly to vary the effective working position thereof by varying the position of the block 31 as above described and in this manner provision can be made for manifolding any desired number of copies. At the same time the rocking of the universal bar 41 will rock the frame and the arm 47 and as above described will transmit movement to the escapement and ribbon litiy mechanisms. As soon as pressure on the key lever is released, the springs Q3 and 49 Will start the return of the parts to normal position which Will be hastened by the Weight of the type carrier itself, and the spring associated With the type block will return said block to its initial position Within its casing.

Since the printing movement is brought by pressure and not by impact and since the movement of the two toggles is limited by contact with sound absorbing pads, it will be evident that this type action is substantially noiseless.

Various niodilications in the manner of transmitting motion from the key lever to the type carrier and the printing or impression member may be made Without departing from the spirit of the invention. One of such modilications is disclosed in Figures 1() and 11. 1

In this construction the key levers 18 are connected by links to front links 56 pivotally carried by a member 57 attached to the front frame member 1 at its center and supported at its ends in any desired manner. These front links correspond closely in general structure to. those employed in the present standard Royal machine. These links 56 are connected by links 58 to points 59 of the heels of the type carriers 7 In all other respects the type action itself is identical with that described above. The links 58 will of course be yieldable. The operation thereof is believed to be evident.

There is also disclosed in this modification a. further improvement which may be embodied in the first form shown i desired. The member 61 which is pivoted at 62 to a i bar suitably supported by the frame of the machine is connected by a link to the arm 38 of the universal frame. This member 61 has an upward extension G3 adjustably connected thereto and the upper end 64 of this -extension is of such form that it will fit under and support the free end ot the type carrier 7 Which has been swung to printing position. It is to 4be noted that this member 61 does not beginv its movement until the universal frame or member is moved and that this universal frame does not begin to move until the type carrier 7 has been swung into position in front of the platen. As the toggle formed by the members 27 and 29 begins to straighten, the member 61 simultaneously swings forward and its end engages under and behind the type carrying end of the type carrier or type bar 7 thus opposing any displacingmovement that might accidentally be given to the type carrier at the time of printing. .Each type carrier is in ell'ect locked in its printing position While the type block is being projected to form its imprint upon the platen.

There is shown in Figure 18 a modilied form of type carrier in which the body portion 7 may be round and the free end 7 9 is slightly enlarged and formed with an opening in which is inserted a tapered portion formed on the casing 46 vwhich encloses the type block 44. This permits the casing carrying the block to be attached to the body of the carrier in any desired angular position.

The side panels E which lie toward the front of the machine may be provided with hinges 81 and a catch 82 which will allow these to be opened for the purpose of cleaning the type faces which lie facing downwardly when the type carriers are in normal position. The housings for the ribbon spools K may be made integral with the top plates 3 but the tops of the spools lie somewhat above these top plates as shown in Figure 17. The ribbon will be led from one spool to the usual vibrator as indicated in this ligure.

It will be noted from Figure 17 that when there is no type carrier in operative position, the entire printing line is visible and erasures may be readily made at any point without the necessity of rotating the platen.

There are certain features of construction to which it is desired to call particular attention. All of the type carriers are vertically and radially arranged and When swung they bring the carriers and the type blocks carried thereby to a definite predetermined distance in front of the platen and preferably closely adjacent thereto, and at the same time quite closely adjacent the impression member. The carrier and type block are very light and the touch is correspondingly light. When a connecting link is employed which has a spring therein, this need only be strong enough so that the type carrier will be moved to position in front of the platen by the first part of the de ression of the key lever, and in View of the light Weight of the carrier, only alight spring will be required which will add but little to the work to be performed by the depression of the key.

The actual printing is performed by the movement of the impression member, and this movement, as well as the actuation of the escapement and ribbon mechanism, is brought about by the latter part of the movement of the key lever when it has acquired a certain momentum. Moreover the type block will be brought to its predetermined position in front of the platen with a minimum stress on the toggle or other connections, thus obviating any danger of vibration in bringing the type blocks to a correctly alined position. All of this movement takes place in advance of the increased load` which results from the movement of the block to print, the operation of the escapement, ribbon mechanism, etc.

All type blocks move in a longitudinal plane and the necessary movement to printing position is very slight. The end of the impression carrier enters the casing only a very slight distance, and since the carrier swings downwardly-and away from this impression member, there is no interference between the two. It is'clearly possible for a second type carrier to be moved up into position before the toggle has returned to its normal position, and this tends to permit great speed in operation.

The segment shown will permit a wider spacing of the type carriers if for any reason found necessary or desirable. In all such respects the drawings are to be considered as rather illustrative than limiting.

It isto be noted that the machine is entirely dust-protected from every point of view. Particularly do the top-plates serve to protect the pivots of the key-levers, type carriers, togglemembers, and other oints of pivotal connection in the action. oreover, the type blocks when at rest, face downwardly and are positioned toward the front of the machine so that any erasures from the paper on the platen cannot fall on the type or any ot the pivotal connections above mentioned.

It it is found desirable to obtain a more accurate alignment especially for the type carriers located at the sides of the segment, each type carrier may be provided with a Aprojection 83 which will engage the inner face of the type guide 6 when the carrier is moved into its operative position. This construction is illustrated in Figure 20 and is merely for the purpose of obtaining additional accuracy in alignment if at any time it should be -found desirable.

It is evident that various features of the invention may be widely varied in their speciic embodiment. Different forms of coiinection between the vtype carriers and the key levers can be employed, and details changed as is found necessary or desirable' to adapt the action to machines of varying forms. In general it is to be understood that the invention is to be regarded as limited only by the scope'ot the appended claims.

i claim as my invention:

1. A type action comprising a type carrier movable to printing position, akey lever, a type block movably mounted in the type carrier, connections from the key lever to t e type carrier to move the latter to printing position, means actuated during the latter part of the movement of the key lever to move the type block relgtively to the type carrier to print therefrom, said later means including a toggleand animpression member actuated thereby, and means for adjusting the effective working position of the impression member.

2. A type action comprising a type carrier movable to printing position, a key lever, a type block niovably mounted in the type carrier, connections from the key lever to the type carrier to move the latter inprinting position, and means actuated by the key lever during the llatter part of the movement therekey levers, a series of type actions comprising a segment, type carriers pivotally mounted therein, means operated by the key leversv for swinging the respective type carriers to a position in front of theplaten, a slidable type block in each type carrier, and means for moving said block relatively to the carrier to contact with the platen, said last means including a universal member operated by all of the key levers, and means operated from said universal frame for locking the type carrier in its printing position while the block is moved into contact with the platen.

4. .In a typewriting machine having a carriage, platen, and the usual key levers, a series of type actions including a segment horizontally arranged in front of the platen, depending type carriers pivotally mounted in said segment, means connecting the key levers and type carriers for swin 'ng the latter to a position in front of the p aten, a-slidable type block in each type carrier, an impression member for moving said block against the platen to print, and means including a universal member actuated by the key levers for moving said impression inember to force the type block against the platen to print. v K

5. In a typewriting machine having a carriage, platen, and the usual key levers, a series of type actions including a segment horizontally arranged in front of the platen, depending type carriers pivotally mounted in said segment, means connecting the key levers and type carriers for swinging the latter to a position in front of the platen, a slidable'type block in' each type carrier, an iinpression member for moving said block against the platen to print, and means including a universal member actuated by the key` levers and a toggle connected thereto for moving said impression member to force the type block against the platen to print.

6. In a typewriting machine having a carriage, platen, and the usual key levers, a seriesof type actions each including a pivoted type carrier and connections from the corresponding key lever to move the type carrier to a printing position in front of the'plat/en, a movable type block carried by each t pe carrier, a reciprocatory impression mem er, a universal member actuated by any key lever, and operating connections between the universal member and the impression meinber for moving .the type block against the platen to prin 7. In a typewriting machine having a cai'- riage, universal bar, platen, key levers, a series of type actions eachincluding a plvoted type carrier and connections from the correspond- 'till ing lrey lever to move the type Carrier to a position in iront o'l" the platen, movable type loloolr carried by each type carrier, a uniw versal member actuated hy any lrey lever, operating devices connected to said universal member to move the type block against the platen to print, and connections trom said universal member to t-he universal har.

8. lln a, typewritinp,` machine having a carriage, a platen, ley levers and a universal har, a type action comp ising type carriers, a type hloclr mounted in each carrier and movable relatively thereto, connections hetiveen the carriers and the lrey levers whereby a pre-- determined carrier is moved to a position in front oit the platen hy the tirst part o'l the depression ot the associated lrey lever, and means including a universal trame whereby the type hloclr is moved to print and the universal har is positively operated during the latter part ol the depression ol' the same key lever.

9. ln a typevvriting1 machine having' key levers and a platen, a type action comprisingl a type carrier, connections between the ltey lever and the type carrier lor moving the lat lter to a, predetermined position in trontot the impression point on the platen which inelude a toggle and a yieldingn linl; hetiveen the lrey lever and the toggle to peri'nit a 'lurther depression ot the lrey lever alter the toggle has straightened and the carrier has arrived at its predetermined position, and means :tor eltectingr printingn dustingn such further depression oil the lrey lever and ivhile the carrier remains stationary'.

lll, ln typewriting machine., a hoi-iron tally arranged type carrier segment having" radial slots therein, gravity hang-ging1 type earriers pivoted in said slots to lia-np; down- 1afardly theretrom, Iand a type hloclr. slidahly mounted at the tree end ot each carrier, each 'type loloclr having; its type lace at substantially right angles to the longitudinal airis oli' its carrier, lrey levers, a single reciproeatory iinn pression inemlaer separate :trom the carriers, connections laetvveen the lrey levers and car riers t'or lirst swinging@n a carrier upwardly upon the tirst part ol the depression ot any one vkey, and means lor reciprocating' the im pression member duringn the latter part ot the depression oi? the same key to move the type block to print.

t l1. ln a typewriting machine, a type carrier movable to printing` position, a housing; at the :tree end thereot, a type lilocls: guided for movement in the housing, and means en' gagging' hotli the carrier and the housing; lor aligningn the same when the type carrier is in printing,F position.

l lln a typeviritinpr machine, a type car-- rior swing-atie to printingn position, a housing' at the free end thereof, a type block guided for movement in the housing, a guiding memher engaging" the housing when the carrier is raaaaoo swung,` to its printing position, and an aloutment on the carrier also engyalgfinp,l said guicling member to align the same.

13. ln a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of key levers, a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front of the platen and adapted to he swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its tree end in iront of the platen, a movable type hloclr mounted on the free end of each type arm, means for iirst moving a type arm to its hori zontal printing position upon depression oit a lrey lever, and means independent oit the arm tor subsequently moving the type hlocl; to print upon further depression ol' said lrey lever While said arm is in its operative posin tion.

il. ln a typeufriting machine, the combina'- tion with a platen, ot a plurality ot type arms each pivoted to normally' hang downwardly in front oi the platen and adapted .to he swung upwardly to an operative horizonttl printing position with its tree end in itront il the platen, a. stop to limit the upward sivii ing movement ol the arm, a movable typo loloclc mounted on the tree end ot each arm, and means for tirst moving; a type a to its horizontal printing position and subsequently moving' the type lolocli to pr `afhile said arm is in its operative posi said means including a lrey lever, a lon gitudi nally yieldahle connection hetvveen the tyl i arm and the hey lever, and means connec to said lrey lever lor moving the type lalor to print ivliile said arm is in its operative sitiom n l5. ln a typervritiuog` machine, the coinliiw nation with a machine trame, ol a platen, plurality ot type arms each pivotecl to no mally hang" downwardly in trent ol platen and adapted to he swung upwardly an. operative horizontal printing position. with its 'free end in lront el the platen, a to limit the upward svt/iligig'iiip;1 movement ol he arm, a movable type liloclr mounted on c tree end oit each type arm, and mea s :tor lil moving; a type arm to its horinontal prn position and :tor subsequently moving," type loloclr to print While said arm is in its operative position, said means includingm a lrey lever, a toggle connection between the machine frame and the ty e arm, a linlr connecting the toggle and tie lrey lever, and means connected to said lrey lever tor movingl the type hlocl: to print While said arm is in its operative position. l

lG. ln a typevvritinpg' machine, the comhirt tion with a platen, oi a plurality ol type ar each pivoted to normally liana" downwardly in trout ot the platen and adapted to he swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in liront ot the platen, a type block slidahly mounted at the free end of the arms tor movement in ri JA.)

till

lill El l. lli

a direction parallel with the arm, and means i'or first moving a type arm to its operative horizontal printing position and for subsequently sliding said block to print while said arm is in its operative position.

iT. ln a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality otl type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front ot the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in iront of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the tree end of each type arm, a plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respective key levers and type arms for mov- 'ing a predetermined arm to itswoperative horizontal printing;V position during the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, and means operated by the same key lever during the latter part of its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block to print.

18. ln a typewriting' machine. the combination with a platen, of a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downward ly in front ot' the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printingT position with its free end in front of the platen, a. movable type block mounted on the free end of each type arm, a plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respective key levers and type arms tor movingl a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing position during the lirst portion ot' the depression ot' its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the latter part ot its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block to print, said means includ'ng: a reciprocatory in'ipressionmember for moving` the type block to print, a universal frame cooperating` with said key levers, and operative connections between the universal trame and said impression member. f

lf). ln a typeu'ritingy maclrne, the combination with a platen, ot' a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in iront ot the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in front ot' the platen, a movable type block mounted on the free-.vend oi each type arm, a

plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respect've key levers and type arms for moving a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing position during 'the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated b v the same key lever duringf the latter part ot i's depression and while said arm "s in its operative position to move the type block to print, said means including a reciprocatory impresL sion member for moving the type block to print, a universal frame coopeating with said key levers, and operative connections including a toggle connected to the impression member, and a link connecting the toggle and the universal trame.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality' of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front of the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in "front of the platen,sasniovable type block mounted on the tree end ofeacl'i type arm, a plurality ot' key levers, operativeconnections between the respective key levers and type arms tor moving a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing,Y position duringA Vthe first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the lat-ter part of its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block to print, said means including a reciprocatory impression member for moving the type block to print, a. universal frame cooperating with said key levers, and operative connections including a toggle connected tothe impression member, means cooperating with the toggle to vary the effective Working position of the impression member,l and a link connecting the toggle andthe universal frame.

2l. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang down- Wardly in front of the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in front of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the freejend of each type arm, a plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respective key levers and type arms for moving a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing position during the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the latter part of its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block to print,V

said operative connections each including a toggle connected with the type arm, and a link connecting the toggle with the key lever.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of typearms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front of the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing positionrwith its free end in front of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the free end of each type arm, a plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respect-ive key levers and type arms for moving a predetermined armV to its operative horizontal printing position during the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the latter part of i; its depression andwhile `saidarm is in its *operative position to move the type block to print, said operative connections each including a toggle connected with the type arm,

and a longitudinally yieldable link connecting the toggle with the key lever.

23.111 a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front of the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its `free end in front of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the free end of each type arm,

a plurality of key levers, operative connections between the respective key levers and type arms for moving a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing position during the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the latter part of its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block toV print, said operative connect-ions each includ- 35 ing a toggle connected with the type arm, a stop to limit the operative movement of the toggle, and a link connecting the toggle with the key lever. 24. In a typewriting machine, the comblnation with a platen, of a reciprocatory impression member centrally located above the t pe bars, a horizontally arranged segment isposed in front of the platen and having radial slots therein, type bars respectively pivoted in said slots to normally hang downwardly and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with the free ends thereof in front of the platen and in rear of the impression member,

a ype block movably mounted on the free of each arm, and means for first moving a type arm to horizontal printing position and for subsequently actuating the impression member to move the type block to print while said arm is in its operative position.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of type arms each pivoted to normally hang downwardly in front of the platen and adapted to be swung upwardly to an operative horizontal printing position with its free end in front of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the free end of each type arm, means for first moving a type arm to its horizontal printing position and for subsetal printing position with its free end in front of the platen, a movable type block mounted on the free end of each type arm, a plurality of key levers, operative connections etween the respective key levers and type arms for moving-a predetermined arm to its operative horizontal printing position during the first portion of the depression of its associated key lever, means operated by the same key lever during the latter part of its depression and while said arm is in its operative position to move the type block to print, said means including a reciprocatory impression member for moving the type block to print, a universal frame cooperating with said ke levers, operative connections between the universal frame and said impression member, and mea-ns actuated by the type arm moving means for locking the moved type arm in its horizontal printing position.

27. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, a platen, and a pluralit of type actions each comprising a pivote type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, key levers, and means operated upon depression of a key lever when the type arm is in printing position to move the type block to print.

28. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, a platen, and a pluralit of type actions each comprising a pivote type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, means including a toggle for moving the type block relative'to the type arm to print, key levers, and operating connections between the key levers and the toggle for operating the latter when the t-ype arm is in printing position.

Q9. In a typewritmg machine, a carriage, a platen, and a pluralit of type actions each comprising a pivote type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly `toa printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, means including a toggle for moving the type block relative to the type arm to print, key levers, means for adjusting the eiecting working position of the type block moving means, and operating connections between the key levers and the toggle for operating the latter when the type arm is in printing position. t

30. In a typewrit-ing machine, a carriage, a platen, and a plurality of type actions each comprising a pivoted -type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, spring means for normally retaining the block against movement relative to the arm, key levers, and means operated upon depression of a key lever when the type arm is in printing position to move the type block 'to print.

31. Ina typewriting machine, a carriage, a platen, and a plurality oi' type actions each comprising a pivoted type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, key levers, and means operated upon depression of a key lever for first swinging the type arm to printing position and for subsequently moving the type block to print while said arm is in its printing position.

32. In a typewriting machine, a carriage, a platen, and a plurality of type actions each comprising a pivote( type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted Aon said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, key levers, m'eans independent of the type arm and including a toggle for moving the typeV block to print, and means operated upon depression of a key lever for first swinging the type arm to printing position and for subsequently actuating said toggle while said arm is in its printing position.

33. In a typewriting machine, acarriage, a platen, and a plurality of type actions each comprising a pivoted type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, key levers, means independent of the type arm and including a toggle for moving the type block to print` and means for adjusting the eiective working position of the type block moving means, and means operated upon depression of a key lever for rst swinging the type arm to printing position, and for subsequently moving said ty'pe block to print while said arm is in its printing position.

34. Ina typewriting machine, a carriage, a platen, and a plurality of type actions each comprising a pivoted type arm normally pendant and adapted to be swung upwardly to a printing position, a type block mounted on said arm for sliding movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, spring means for normally retaining the block against 4movement relative' to the arm, key levers, and means operatedV upon depression of a key lever for first swinging the type arm to printing position and for subsequently moving the. type block to print against the tension of the spring retaining on said arm for bodily movements in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm, normally ineil'ective means for locking the type arm in its printing position, key levers, and means operated upon depression of a key lever for iirst swinging the type arm to printing position and for subsequently moving the locking means to effective locking position and moving the type block to print while said arm is in its printing position.

36. In a typewritingmachine having key levers and a platen, a type action including a movable type carrier, a type block movably mounted thereon, connections including a yieldable link between a key lever and the carrier for moving the carrier upon partial depression of the lever to a predetermined position in front of the impression point on the platen, and means independent of the type arm and connected to said key lever for moving the type block to print upon further depression of said lever.

37. In a typewriting machine having key levers and a platen, a type action including a movable type carrier, a type block movably mounted thereon, connections including a toggle and a yieldable link between a key 1ever and the carrier for moving the carrier upon partial depression of the lever to a predetermined position in front of the impression point on the platen, and means independent of the type arm and connected to said key lever for moving the type block to print after the toggle has been straightened and upon further depression of said lever.

38. In a visible, line print, ribbon typewriting machine having a ribbon, a platen, a key action including a key lever, a type bar and a. type carried by the bar, operative connections between the key ,lever and type bar for moving the latter into a position before the ribbon adjacent the platen and for subsequently moving the type by a direct continuous thrust into printing engagement with the platen through a path which is at right angles to the platen axis.

39.- In a typewriting machine having s. platen, a key action including a key lever, a type bar and operative connections therebetween, a type carrier movably mounted in the las axial movement in the key bar head, the connections being operative to move the key bar head to a position adjacent the platen with the plunger axis substantially at right angles to the platen a pusher cngageable with the end of the plungcrrto move the type against the platen.

41. In a typewriting machine having a platen, a key action including a series of key levers. a series ot' type bars. type carriers inovably mounted in the heads of said bars, operative connections between the key levers and type bars for moving the type bars to a position where the. type carriers are disposed adjacent the platen. operative connections j from the key levers for subsequently moving saidA type carriers through a plane substantially at right angles to the axis of the platen until the type engages the platen.

42. A typewriter including a platen, a bank of key levers forming a key board, a basket of type bars arranged in conjunction With the key levers, movable type carriers mounted in the type bars for operation by corresponding key levers, said movable type carriers being constructed and arranged to exert printing pressure against the platen after the type bar has come to rest.

43. A typewriter including a platen, a bank of key levers forming a key board, a basket of type bars arranged in conjunction With the key levers, movable type carriers mounted in the type bars for operation by correspondingT key levers. said movable type carriers being constructed and arranged to exert printing pressure against the platen after the tvpe bar has come to rest, and a universal pusher arranged to move the type carriers in the type bars after the type bars have.

corne to rest with the type carriers in printing position.

44. A typewriter including a platen, a bank of key levers forming a key board. a basket of type bars arranged in conjunction With the key levers, movable type carriers mounted in the type hars for operation by corresponding key levers, said movable type carriers being constructed and arranged to exert printing pressure against the platen after the type bar has come to rest, a universal pusher arranged to move the type carriers in the type bars after the type bars have come to rest With the type carriers in printing position, and means directly operable by the keys for moving the pusher.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

` EDWARD B. HESS. 

